Ludwig Binswanger was a Swiss psychiatrist and pioneer in the field of existential psychology. His parents were Robert Johann Binswanger (1850β1910) and Bertha Hasenclever (1847β1896). Robert's German-Jewish father Ludwig "Elieser" Binswanger (1820β1880) was founder, in 1857, of the "Bellevue Sanatorium" in Kreuzlingen. Robert's brother Otto Binswanger (1852β1929) was a professor of psychiatry at the University of Jena.