Marilyn Speers Butler, Lady Butler, FRSA, FRSL, FBA was a British literary critic. She was King Edward VII Professor of English Literature at the University of Cambridge from 1986 to 1993, and Rector of Exeter College, Oxford, from 1993 to 2004. She was the first female head of a formerly all male Oxford or Cambridge college. She won the British Academy's Rose Mary Crawshay Prize in 1973.